The Land Ethic
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Re - examining the Darwinian Basis for Aldo Leopold ’ s Land Ethic
Many philosophers have become familiar with Leopold’s land ethic through the writings of J. Baird Callicott, who claims that Leopold bases his land ethic on a “protosociobiological” argument that Darwin gives in the Descent of Man. On this view, which has become the canonical interpretation, Leopold’s land ethic is based on extending our moral sentiments to ecosystems. I argue that the evidence...
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Global Bioethics may be seen as the ultimate quid pro quo for the Land Ethic called for by Aldo Leopold in 1949• The core of that idea is conveniently expressed in the dedication of my first book on bioethics to Leopold directly quoting him. In the second of four paragraphs h~ had said: There is as yet no ethic dealing with man's relation to land and to the animals and plants which grow upon it...
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Aldo Leopold, in "The Land Ethic," made 2 important contributions to conservation ethics: he emphasized the community and ecosystem levels of organization and he explicitly included people as members of the biotic community. Leopold's writings remain eloquent, inspirational, and influential, but the ideas he describes are inherently complex, and ecological science has continued to evolve since ...
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When do humans extend their ethical scope to include nature? Anthropocentrism and ecocentrism are two ways of understanding an extension of ethics to nature. In an anthropocentric ethic nature deserves moral consideration because how nature is treated a¡ects humans. In an ecocentric ethic nature deserves moral consideration because nature has intrinsic value. In two experiments participants (n=...
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That man is, in fact, only a member of a biotic team is shown by an ecological interpretation of history. Many historical events, hitherto explained solely in terms of human enterprise, were actually biotic interactions between people and land. The characteristics of the land determined the facts quite as potently as the characteristics of the men who lived on it. A land ethic, then, reflects t...
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